For over 40 years, GBJPL has been at the forefront of manufacturing inorganic certified reference materials (CRMs), earning a reputation for excellence in creating custom blends that meet the unique requirements of our customers. Accredited to ISO 17025 and ISO 17034 by A2LA, we have continually advanced the quality of our products, technical support, and customer service. Our expertise has culminated in the creation of the ICP Operations Guide, a comprehensive resource designed to assist operators of ICP-OES and ICP-MS systems in mastering the daily tasks required for accurate and reliable measurements.

Introduction to ICP Operations Guide

This guide is tailored for anyone responsible for operating and preparing samples and standards for ICP (whether ICP-OES or ICP-MS). While our previous guide, Trace Analysis: A Guide for Attaining Reliable Measurements, focused on achieving precision in trace measurements, this new guide encompasses a broader range of fundamental topics essential for both novice and intermediate ICP analysts.

Multi-Element Standard Blends

Elemental and Matrix Compatibility

• Nitric Acid Matrices: Preferred for its solubility and minimal interference, commonly used in sample preparations.
• Hydrochloric Acid Matrices: Corrosive and volatile, requiring minimal exposure to instrumentation.
• Water at pH 7: Less common, used when necessary to prevent chemical reactions.
• Hydrofluoric Acid Matrices: Demands HF-resistant systems due to its aggressive nature.
• Sulfuric and Phosphoric Acid Matrices: Used in specific preparations but with considerations for stability and compatibility.

CRM Quality Issues

• Accuracy: Determined by certification methods, stability, and proper packaging.
• Purity: Critical for multi-element blends, requiring verification of manufacturer’s claims.
• Chemical Compatibility: Ensures the standard blend remains stable and does not react adversely over time.
• Stability, Availability, Documentation, Traceability: Essential for ensuring consistent and reliable CRM performance.

Handling, Calculations, and Storage of Standards

Handling

• Avoid contamination by minimizing contact between transfer devices and stock solutions.
• Use volumetric transfers at room temperature and always verify accuracy by weighing.

Calculations

• Concentration units are typically expressed in µg/mL or ng/mL, requiring precise calculations to ensure accuracy.

Storage

• Stability studies are vital, especially when considering factors like temperature, light sensitivity, and container material.

Sample Introduction Systems

Components and Troubleshooting

• System Components: Sipper tubes, peristaltic pumps, nebulizers, spray chambers, and torches form the core of ICP sample introduction systems.
• Connection Checks: Ensure airtight connections to prevent precision issues or plasma ignition failure.

Maintenance

• Regular cleaning of glass components like nebulizers, spray chambers, and torches is recommended for optimal performance.

Nebulizers, Spray Chambers, and Torches

Nebulizers

• Pneumatic nebulizers like concentric glass and cross-flow designs are commonly used in ICP systems, each suited for specific analytical needs.

Spray Chambers

• Cyclonic and Scott double-pass designs are the most prevalent, focusing on removing large droplets for efficient sample introduction.

The GBJPL ICP Operations Guide is an indispensable resource for ICP operators, offering insights into the critical aspects of sample preparation, standard handling, and system maintenance. By following the guidance provided, analysts can achieve reliable, accurate results in their daily ICP operations.